In a study analyzing P2X7 mRNA expression in 26 patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), compared with 21 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) without signs of malignancy, higher P2X7 expression was observed in bronchoalveolar lavage derived cells of tumors with distant metastases (Schmid et al., 2015). The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.