In a separate study, P2X7 mRNA and protein were upregulated in 8 out of 11 cell lines, 69 out of 87 bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) samples from leukemia patients and 9 out of 10 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients (Zhang et al., 2004). The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is leukemia.