We also found this treatment reduced formation of gaps in tight junctions (Occludin and ZO-1) and expression of AQP4 and showed a protective effect on BBB integrity after TBI, implying that BL-HTWP plays a role in inhibition of vasogenic cerebral edema and may reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage by protecting the BBB by slowing the release of TF and thus retaining more coagulation factors. Here, OCLN is linked to brain edema.