In addition, STMN1 is a cell cycle regulator and its down-regulation by hypoxia has been linked to renal fibrosis in HK-2 cells through G2/M cell cycle arrest [51]; ii) TMSB4X is a potent regulator of actin polymerization with critical roles in maintaining the cell cytoskeleton [52], and daily TMSB4X treatment for 3 months reduced albuminuria and attenuated renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus [53]. This evidence concerns the gene TMSB4X and diabetes mellitus.