DAG1 and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4: On the basis of muscle pathology, patients were first categorized into seven groups according to dystrophic changes with (1) dystrophin deficiency, (2) dysferlin deficiency, (3) sarcoglycan deficiency, (4) alpha-dystroglycan deficiency, (5) markedly disorganized myofibrillar network with or without cytoplasmic body and rimmed vacuole, (6) numerous lobulated fibers, and (7) others (Fig. 1).