More recently, in the study of Maestro and collaborators in 2019 [177], it was found that non-stimulated astrocytes are able to secrete exosomes enriched with apolipoprotein D (ApoD), which can be internalized by SH-SY5Y cells treated with paraquat, an herbicide implicated as a risk factor in PD, used as a neurotoxic oxidative stress challenge in this cellular model of PD. The gene discussed is APOD; the disease is Parkinson disease.