The pharmacological engagement of A3AR determines the inhibition of several cytokine/chemokine/inflammatory genes, thus promoting a marked down-regulation of several pro-inflammatory mediators (i.e., IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1α (MIP-1α), and MIP-2), as well as the production of oxidative stress, thereby improving experimental colitis. This evidence concerns the gene ADORA3 and colitis.