Of importance, our data showed that PSMB9, ITGAL, and KLRB1 were significantly overexpressed in IC/BPS samples compared to non-IC/BPS samples, in agreement with GEO data, which indicated that PSMB9, ITGAL, and KLRB1 might have the highest potential to be biomarkers of IC/BPS among all hub genes (Figure 8). Here, ITGAL is linked to Bartsocas-Papas syndrome 1.