PVALB and Anxiety: For example, obese animals are susceptible to develop anxiety-like behaviors, probably through changes in the glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission within the ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus [39,40,41], which demonstrated that a high-fat/high-sugar diet induces alterations in the function of the prefrontal cortex through changes in the expression of GABAergic parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons, which was associated with increased anxiety-like behaviors.