NF1 and neoplasm: Concerted sequencing efforts from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network revealed a complex somatic landscape for GBMs involving oncogenes (BRAF, EGFR, PDGFRα, MET, PIK3C, MYCN), tumor suppressor genes (CDNK2A/B, PTEN, NF1, RB1) and chromatin modifying genes, which converge to activate signaling pathways (pAKT, Ras/MAPK, STAT) to promote tumor proliferation and growth (Brennan et al., 2009, 2013; TCGA, 2008; Verhaak et al., 2010).