The signaling events of the negative and positive prognostic cells can now be studied in glioblastoma research models, such as patient xenografts and glioblastoma organoids (Bhaduri et al., 2020; Hubert et al., 2016; Jacob et al., 2020; Ogawa et al., 2018), using new combinations of targeted therapies, such as JAK inhibitors that target molecules upstream of STAT5 and STAT3, in combination with PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibitors, which will target molecules upstream of AKT and S6 signaling. Here, STAT3 is linked to glioblastoma.