PTPN11 and acute myeloid leukemia: To explore the detail cell-cell signaling pathway that the DEGs were involved, the following KEGG and Reactome analysis revealed that the DEGs were enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling, Ras signaling pathway, signaling by PDGF and signaling by ROBO receptor, etc. In addition to activating mutation of NRAS/KRAS in 15–25% AML, the mutations of RAS-regulating genes (NF1 and PTPN11) and RAS-signaling receptor (FLT3 and KIT) are also harbored in AML frequently [42–46].