Focusing on endothelial cells, AGEs induce vascular dysfunction in many ways as follows: AGEs promote inflammation and oxidative stress [189] via activation of NADPH oxidase [190], induce an upregulation of adhesion molecules expression [188], and play an important role in endothelial dysfunction by downregulation of NOS and, accordingly, reduction of NO production [190,191,192]. This evidence concerns the gene NOS1 and endothelial dysfunction.