Double-immunofluorescence staining with LTL (Green) and Ki-67 (Red) with statistical analysis demonstrated that the proliferating cells were primarily among the epithelial cells lining renal proximal tubules and renal cysts in Tsc1ptKO mice, and were markedly reduced by treatment with metformin (Fig. 5d). The gene discussed is MKI67; the disease is Renal cyst.