TP53 and cancer: In that study, the combined treatment with carotenoids and doxorubicin enhanced apoptosis of cancer cells by depleting GSH, increasing levels of LPx, and ROS, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, activating caspases-3, -8, and -9, upregulating p21, p27, p53 and Bax, and down-regulating Bcl-2.