TNF and breast carcinoma: Similarly, human colorectal cancer cells exposed to 1,25(OH)2D showed antiproliferative and antimigratory effects by inhibition of TNF-α production [135], and, in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line, 1,25(OH)2D influenced both IkBα expression and phosphorylation via phosphoinositide 3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway [174].