IFNB1 and neoplasm: This activity allows nuclear translocation of the IRFs leading to transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes including IFNA and IFNB. Hence differences in inflammatory signaling in the tumour microenvironment appears to play a prominent role in responses to BVZ plus chemotherapy, as recently also identified by next generation sequencing and immunoprofiling analyses of metastatic CRC tumors31.