VDR and malignant colon neoplasm: The crosstalk between 1,25(OH)2D3 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been reported in cancer cells, for example in vitro functional validation studies on melanoma and colon cancer cells showed that elevated 1,25(OH)2D3/VDR signaling inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling genes [24, 115, 116].