C9orf72 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Neurodegenerative diseases caused by short expansive repeats like the (CAG) in Huntington’s disease (Orr 2012) or the (GGGGCC) repeat in C9orf72-associated Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (DeJesus-Hernandez et al. 2011) undergo an unusual type of translation called repeat associated non-AUG-dependent (RAN) translation (Cleary and Ranum 2014).