NLRP3 inflammasome activity is tightly regulated to prevent uncontrolled activation, since aberrant signaling is associated with various autoimmune and metabolic consequences, including exacerbation of gouty arthritis, induction of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) in susceptible individuals, and possible contribution to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)14. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.