PGK1 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Keith B et al. reported that elevated HIF activity stimulates the expression of glycolysis-related genes, such as LDHA, phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), and activated PDH kinase 1(PDK1) to inhibit glycolytic flux into the TCA cycle in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) 128.