Our data is in line with a study showing protection against clinical and histological signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) through mechanisms involving PD-1 interaction with PD-L1 on B-cells in animals treated with relatively high doses of E2 (2.5 mg/60 day time-release E2 pellets) [45]. Here, CD274 is linked to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.