Previous studies demonstrated that vaccination with the live and attenuated influenza vaccine elicited lung CD4+ and virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses, similar in phenotype to those generated by influenza virus infection, and ultimately established lung Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) capable of providing long-term, hetero-subtypic protection to multiple, non-vaccine influenza strains. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is influenza.