The findings recognise that a high proportion of hospital readmissions following AKI are owing to pulmonary oedema or decompensated heart failure.52,53 Resonating with other studies conducted in North America, Sawhney et al analysed a large Scottish database and found that up to one in four readmissions after AKI were related to acute pulmonary oedema, which could conceivably be prevented by timely reintroduction of drugs stopped during admission, for example, diuretics and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.39,52,54. Here, ACE is linked to acute kidney injury.