PBX1 and Stroke: In addition, TF treatment stimulated neurogenesis in the hippocampal sub granular zone of TBI rats [256], and upregulated the number of BrdU-/DCX-positive cells and the expression of mammalian achaete-schute homolog 1 (MASH1), DCX and PBX homeobox 1 (PBX1) in the sub ventricular zone of the mouse tMCAO stroke model [254].