TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis: Harris et al. also showed that TPPU attenuated CCl4-induced markers of inflammation (Cxcr4 and Ccr2), ER stress (phospho-PERK, phospho-IRE1α, Atf6, and Chop), and fibrosis (Tgfβ1), indicating that sEH inhibition may inhibit liver fibrosis both directly by acting on pro-fibrotic mediators and indirectly by acting on contributing factors.