CCL5 and infection: On the other hand, hMPV-infected pDCs secrete the cytokines IFN-α, TNF-α, IL-12p40, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 upon infection, while in cDCs infected with hMPV, the cytokines IFN-β, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-10, and CCL11 (eotaxin) are secreted, as shown in Figure 2 [88].