To also address the role of GBM cell-derived APLN-levels, we selected the high APLN-expressing U87MG cell line, in addition, and lentivirally transduced it with shRNA against APLN RNA to create tumor cells with stable reduction of APLN RNA expression by 90% (U87AKD) compared to the non-silencing control (NSC) shRNA-transduced cells (U87NSC) or to untransduced parental U87MG cells (Figure 1C). Here, APLN is linked to glioblastoma.