In this review, we will discuss (1) the major factors that negatively and positively regulate the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue; (2) the deleterious consequences of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in adipose tissues, in paracrine and endocrine aspects; and (3) the future prospect of targeting adipose tissue inflammasome for the treatment of metabolic diseases. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and metabolic disease.