For example, Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab (antibodies against PD-1) have approximately 16–20% of objective response rate in unselected patients with advanced HCC [9, 10], which implies that there is a great need for understanding the immunologic characteristics of HCCs for optimal selection of patients who may respond to immune-based therapies [11–15]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.