Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is typically a disease, in which the clinical outcome has been dramatically improved over a short period of time with first targeted therapies and then the successive approvals of anti-programmed death 1 (PD1) and anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) biologicals.1 However, after the initial frenzy ignited by promising Phase 3 trials with nivolumab, pembrolizumab or more recently atezolizumab, alone or in combination with standard chemotherapy, many questions remain unsolved. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.