In the AE patients group, Th1 and Th2 cytokines formed a more complicated network, and more Th1 (MCP-1α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-8) and Th2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-4, IL-18) showed close correlations (Fig. 4b). Here, IFNG is linked to acrodermatitis enteropathica.