NFKB1 and colitis: In this way, recent studies in DSS-induced colitis mice have shown the ability of natural compounds, such as magnolol, an active ingredient of Magnolia officinalis (Shen et al., 2018), and Portulaca oleracea extract (Kong et al., 2018), from traditional Chinese medicine, to counteract the expression of cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-12, via the regulation of NF-κB and PPARγ pathways.