TP53 and cancer: PTMs can be used as a biomarker of disease status, and its application in the assessment and monitoring of cancer disorders is a new clinical focus.458,459 p53 gene is now thought to encode as many as 12 different isoforms, some of which may experience PTM, suggesting that there is a great number of structural permutations possible for p53 and its function can change based on a profoundly complex variety of PTMs.153