CGAS and infection: Therefore, to avoid the continuous activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in resting cells, multiple strategies are adopted to limit self-DNA detection, such as restriction of DNA or cGAS activity and compartmentalisation.65 However, upon pathogen infection, the steady state is disrupted, and self-DNA detection contributes to the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, enabling the indirect detection of pathogen infection.