TGFB1 and cancer: MMT is mediated principally by Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1) and Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which drive cancer stromal recruitment, myofibroblast or cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) formation, angiogenesis, aerobic glycolysis, metabolic coupling, ascites, peritoneal fibrosis and cell migration (Figure 1) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8].