TNF and Sepsis: The latter is a 116-aminoacid protein physiologically synthesized by thyroid C cells as a precursor of calcitonin, and its level raises during sepsis thanks to increased extra-thyroidal production (e.g., in adipocytes, hepatocytes, different parenchymal cells), probably induced by bacterial products (i.e., endotoxin) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6) [36,37].