In this study, we probed the question of whether unbiased analysis of non CD8+ cell (NC) and CD8+ cytopathologic characteristics can provide prognostic information relating to melanoma clinical responses to BRAF-inhibitor therapy, similar to approaches that have been used to assess the role of spatial distribution of CD8+ cells in the clinical outcome of patients with treatment-naive melanoma (20). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is melanoma.