In vitro and in vivo studies show that glucocorticoid administration under non-stress conditions leads to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy characterized by cellular structural and morphological changes and an increase in the levels of the cardiac hypertrophy markers atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), β-myosin heavy chain (MHC), and skeletal actin (SKA). The gene discussed is NPPA; the disease is hypertrophy.