Clinical study also reported that both expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 was remarkably up-regulated in PD patients compared with healthy controls, together with that the activation of NF-κB pathway and TNF-α level were positively correlated with high expression of the HMGB1/TLR4 axis (Yang et al., 2018). The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is Parkinson disease.