ACTA1 and infection: By dissecting the SNAI1-mediated signaling pathway, we showed that SNAI1 was upregulated 24 h after Ad-ΔNp63α infection, while the SNAI1-mediated downregulation of CDH1 (E-cadherin) and upregulation of CDH2 (N-cadherin), α-SMA, VIM (vimentin), and FN (fibronectin) were not detected even 48 h after infection (Fig. 2e).