TGFB1 and neoplasm: Moreover, osteoblasts also promote osteoclast differentiation and activity through production of RANKL and M-CSF, which further stimulates the release of IGF-1, BMPs, PDGF, TGF-β from the bone matrix because of osteoclastic bone resorption, hence promoting tumour growth, restarting the vicious cycle [2,4,6,60,65,66].