ACOD1 and fetal growth restriction: These included genes important for β-cell function, such as Grpr, Pcsk9, Ang2, Grm7, and Nr0b2. Interestingly, we identified six potential bivalent genes, Acod1, Fgf21, Serpina11, Cdh16, Lrrc27, and Lrrc66, whose alterations in bivalency and expression levels may contribute to IUGR phenotypes observed in adult islets.