We identified several binding motifs with altered H3K4me3 marks in 2-wk IUGR islets, which persisted until 10 weeks of age, including ELF3, ELF5, ERG, ETS1, ETV1, ETV2, EWS:ERG, GABPA, and SMAD4 (Table 5). Here, GABPA is linked to fetal growth restriction.