PLOD1 and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: Moreover, estrogen has receptors in hypothalamic nuclei and pituitary gonadotrope, hence it’s assumed that this hormone can effect on the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulses, induce suppression of both LH and FSH secretion through the influence on hypothalamic-pituitary axis and produce hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (29, 30).