As shown in Figure 6A, the protein levels of Atg5, Beclin-1, LC3B-II, and p62 were upregulated in Hep3B cells after treatment with the α-mangostin glycosides, suggesting that Man-3DG and Man-6DG can trigger autophagy activation as well as apoptotic cell death in HCC cells. This evidence concerns the gene BECN1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.