FOXP3 and Cowden disease: A reduced ratio of Tregs in the peripheral blood of IBD has been reported, whereas FoxP3 mRNA levels in the mucosa are elevated in IBD.11 Tregs are also increased in the lamina propria (LP) and decreased in blood in CD patients.12, 13, 14, 15 Tregs have also been significantly increased after infliximab (IFX) treatment.16, 17, 18