To test our hypothesis, we firstly mixed CARPD-L1z T cells and anti-mesothelin CAR T cells (CARMSLNz T cells) (Fig. 3a) with 1: 1 ratio and co-cultured them with H460-MSLNGL that expressed Mesothelin (Figure S4A), an antigen widely expressed in lung cancer and gastric cancers [46, 47]. The gene discussed is MSLN; the disease is lung cancer.