Mutations in the ubiquitously-expressed valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene, which occur in ALS besides inclusion body myopathy (IBM) associated with Paget’s disease of bone and FTD, lead to autophagy alterations and TDP-43-positive, ubiquitinated inclusions within both neurons and muscle cells [83]. This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.