Chemotherapy with platinum-based drugs (preferably cisplatin) is recommended in the majority of lung cancers, as a first-line treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma and in association with immunotherapy (checkpoint inhibitors such as Pembrolizumab, an inhibitor of programmed cell death protein 1 pathway) in metastatic NSCLC and in those positive for programmed cell death protein 1. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and malignant pleural mesothelioma.