ACE and hypertensive disorder: The development of ACE inhibitors (ACEi, eg. enalapril, captopril, lisinopril, ramipril) or AT1 (Angiotensin II receptor type 1) blockers (ARBs, eg. losartan) not only revolutionized the treatment strategies to treat hypertension, but also provided a tool for the discovery of many unknown functions of ACE components in different physiological and pathological mechanisms.