Although these were shown to arise from both the cDC1 and cDC2 lineage following maturation and uptake of tumor antigen, the authors specifically focused on the regulatory DCs of the cDC1 lineage, and showed that blockade of IL-4 could reestablish IL-12 expression, thus improving CD8+ T cell function and tumor control (46). This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and neoplasm.