Similar findings have been made in hepatocellular carcinoma (49), and the presence of DCs in breast tumors (11), along with the ratio of CD103+ cDC1 to CD103− DCs in breast cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and lung adenocarcinoma (4), have all been shown to correlate with improved patient prognosis. Here, MPPE1 is linked to breast neoplasm.